When you type a few characters into a search box and suggestions immediately appear, it is easy to assume that the application is simply filtering a list of strings. For a small dataset, that might actually be enough. But imagine a system containing millions of products, search queries, usernames, locations, commands, or other terms. Now … Read more
If you have worked on a backend application, chances are you have used a hash table even if you didn’t explicitly think about it. A Dictionary<TKey, TValue> in C# is a hash table. A cache backed by Redis relies heavily on key-based lookup. A database index is designed around the same broader idea: make finding … Read more
N+1 queries, eager loading, and when to use raw SQL A practical guide based on real production experience with C# code examples. Introduction: The hidden cost of convenience What happens when an endpoint that takes 200ms in development suddenly takes 14 seconds in production? I saw this first-hand while diagnosing a production API. The system … Read more
In modern web application development, scalability and efficient resource utilization are key. ASP.NET Core gives us powerful tools to build high-throughput servers, and one of the most impactful features for performance is asynchronous programming using async and await. In this article, we will explore how async/await works specifically with the ThreadPool in ASP.NET Core and … Read more
Hey there! If you’re dipping your toes into programming or prepping for that big coding interview, you’ve probably heard about searching algorithms. They’re like the detectives of the data world – hunting down that one piece of info in a sea of numbers or names. In this chatty guide, we’re going to cozy up with … Read more
What is the middleware pipeline (plain and short) ASP.NET Core’s middleware pipeline is a linear chain of components that handle an HTTP request. Each middleware: Think of it as a stack: request flows in from top → bottom, and response flows back out bottom → top. Key facts interviewers want you to know Ordering rules … Read more
What DI in ASP.NET Core does (short) The built-in DI container constructs and manages object graphs for you. When you register a service, you choose its lifetime — that decision determines when/how often the container creates an instance. Choosing the wrong lifetime usually results in captured dependencies, concurrency bugs, or memory / resource leaks — … Read more